The bachelor degree was given to the students of Atlanta College since the end of 1870s. *"A CHAMPION FOR ATLANTA: Maynard Jackson: 'Black mecca' burgeoned under leader", U.S. Census 2010 vs. 2000 population estimates by race, Demographics of Atlanta: Race and ethnicity by neighborhood, Auburn Avenue Research Library on African American Culture and History, Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park, Omenala Griot Afrocentric Teaching Museum, National Center for Civil and Human Rights, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hebrew Benevolent Congregation Temple bombing, Cotton States and International Exposition, List of African-American newspapers in Georgia. Since 1973, Atlanta has consistently elected black mayors, and two in particular have been prominent on the national stage, Andrew Young and Maynard Jackson. The Methodist Episcopal Church's Freedman Aid Society founded a coeducational school for African American legislators that would later become Clark College (now Clark Atlanta University) in Atlanta. From the 1920s to the 1940s, the Atlanta Black Crackers, a baseball team in the Negro Southern League, and later on, in the Negro American League, entertained sports fans at Ponce de Leon Park; some of the members of the Black Crackers would become players in Major League Baseball following the integration of the Negro leagues into the larger leagues. Created by Lieutenant Colonel Allen Allensworth in 1908… However, many slaves from Atlanta took the chance to escape with Union soldiers under William Tecumseh Sherman in his March to the Sea following the razing of Atlanta to the ground; they followed his men to the Atlantic coast of Georgia, where they were granted land under Sherman's Special Field Orders, No. "That stockpile of black brain power has made Atlanta the nation's mecca for blacks, especially buppies looking for Afro-American affluence and political clout." Atlanta is widely noted as the most prominent city for African-American culture, nightlife, music, entertainment, film, history, and visual arts. [72][73], Magic City is one of the oldest and most well-known black-owned gentlemen's clubs in the U.S.[74]. Atlanta Riot of 1906, major outbreak of violence in Atlanta, Georgia, that killed at least 12 and possibly as many as 25 African Americans in late September 1906. (See: Demographics of Atlanta: Race and ethnicity by neighborhood) There was a decrease in the black population in the following areas: While there was an increasing black population in these areas: In Metro Atlanta, Black Americans are the largest racial minority at 32.4% of the population, up from 28.9% in 2000. In the aftermath of Reconstruction, which mostly ended in 1877, African Americans in Atlanta were left to the mercies of the predominantly white state legislature and city council, and were politically disenfranchised during the Jim Crow era; whites had used a variety of tactics, including militias and legislation, to re-establish political and social supremacy throughout the South. Jones died on March 6th, 2013 at the age of 93. From 2000 to 2010 Atlanta saw significant shifts in the racial composition of its neighborhoods. [66], The annual Bronner Bros. International Beauty Show is the largest in the world that primarily focuses on black women beauty. Long concentrated in the city of Atlanta and DeKalb County, the black population there dropped while over half a million African Americans settled across other parts of the metro area, including approximately 112,000 in Gwinnett County, 71,000 in Fulton outside Atlanta, 58,000 in Cobb, 50,000 in Clayton, 34,000 in Douglas, and 27,000 each in Newton and Rockdale Counties. Atlanta History Center With “Black Citizenship in the Age of Jim Crow,” view art, historical artifacts, photographs and more that illustrate the African American struggle for full citizenship and racial equality that unfolded in the 50 years after the Civil War. [28], The A3C Festival & Conference is an annual fall event that mostly highlights African-American artists, creatives, innovators, activists, and entrepreneurs. [69], Atlanta has been deemed America's "Black Soccer Capital" due to the emerging presence of black Atlantans supporting the city's MLS team Atlanta United. [61], In 2009, The New York Times noted that after 2000, Atlanta moved "from the margins to becoming hip-hop's center of gravity, part of a larger shift in hip-hop innovation to the South." In 2020, the law school hired its first black dean. [83] In February 2019, Stacey Abrams became the first black woman to give an official State of the Union address.[84]. During the American Ci… Booker T. Washington, principal of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, delivered a speech to the 1895 Cotton States and International Exposition which urged African Americans to focus more upon economic empowerment instead of immediate socio-political empowerment and rights, much to the anger of other civil rights leaders, including W. E. B. The Civil War: The early history of African Americans in Atlanta was forever altered by the Civil War. White mobs, inflamed by newspaper reports of Black men attacking white women, burned more than 1,000 homes and businesses in the city’s African American neighbourhoods. In 1928, the Atlanta Daily World began publication, and continues as one of the oldest African American newspaper in circulation. 13. Due to Perry, the Housewives, and others, Atlanta is known as the center of black entertainment in the U.S.[63] Atlanta's status as the center of black entertainment was more solidified with the 2019 opening of an upgraded Tyler Perry Studios. While civil rights efforts predate the city’s involvement, activists quickly found their spiritual center within Atlanta’s Sweet Auburn district, making it home to much of civil rights history. [13][14], Emory University has one of the oldest African-American studies departments in the nation. The Celebration Bowl is the only HBCU football bowl game in the nation. Edgewood Avenue (Old Fourth Ward/Downtown) has a notable concentration of popular black businesses and social spaces. Even if they continued to work as farm laborers, freedmen often migrated after the war. [23] Upperclass Black Americans also reside in Eastern Atlanta in Dekalb County which is the second richest predominantly black county in the country. Producer Drumma Boy called Atlanta "the melting pot of the South". From 2000 to 2010 Atlanta saw significant shifts in the racial composition of its neighborhoods. [67], The annual Taliah Waajid World Natural Hair Show bills itself as the world's largest natural black hair show and conference. Russell) as well as some of the country's top black-owned investment and law firms, car dealerships, and food service companies. Fulton was one of several counties in Georgia where African American population increased significantly in those years. The first of these colleges were established shortly after the Civil War and have made Atlanta one of the historic centers of black intellectualism and empowerment. The event founded by Grambling State University alumni and NFL greats Doug Williams and James Harris, honors extraordinary football players who played at historically black institutions. It is one of the largest free outdoor festivals in the Southeastern United States. In 2008, Atlanta area resident Vernon Jones ran unsuccessfully to become the first African American to win the Democratic primary for representation of the state in the United States Senate. Only 400 buildings survived the razing, but the city rebuilt itself from the ashes — which is why the city symbol is the phoenix. Login to BlackFacts.com using your favorite Social Media Login. Copyright © 1997 - 2021 Black Facts. Atlanta is the host city for the annual Honda Battle of the Bands. In November, she lost the controversial 2018 Georgia gubernatorial election by less than three percentage points. [20][21][22], Atlanta has a well-organized black upper class which exerts its power in politics, business and academia, and historically, in the religious arena. Atlanta has long been known as a center of black wealth, political power and culture; a cradle of the Civil Rights Movement [1] and home to Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The March on Washington Grades: 3-12 CLOSE . It has often been called a black mecca. Williamson to the Board in 1966. "Atlanta: The City of the Next Generation". [30], Atlanta's V-103 Winterfest is a Hip-Hop/R&B concert event held in State Farm Arena every December.[31]. In NPU L (English Avenue, Vine City), the black proportion of the population went down from 97.5% to 89.1%, while the white proportion rose from 1.3% to 6.1%. A black mecca is a city to which African Americans, particularly professionals,[24] are drawn to live, due to some or all of the following factors: Atlanta has been referred to as a black mecca since the 1970s. Focus Atlanta. [68], The Curl, Kinks, and Culture (CKC) Festival held annually in Atlanta is an event focused on celebrating natural black hairstyles and culture. [2], The 2010 and 2000 black population of the city of Atlanta was:[3] [4] [5] [6]. The history of Atlanta dates back to 1836, when Georgia decided to build a railroad to the U.S. Midwest and a location was chosen to be the line's terminus. The annual event is hosted by the City of Atlanta Office of Cultural Affairs. The MEAC/SWAC Challenge is an annual historically black college football game showcasing a teams from the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) and Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC). Contact Us. In February, we are highlighting the contributions black people have made and are making to this city, the nation and this world. The area that included Decatur was opened to settlement in 1823 following the forced abandonment of the area by the Cherokee Nation; with the ceding of the area under the Treaty of New Echota in 1835, plantations of rice and, later, cotton were installed in the area. In 1870, following the ratification of the 15th Amendment by the state legislature, the first two African American members, George Graham and William Finch, were elected to the City Council from the third and fourth wards respectively,[81] while Radical Republican Dennis Hammond sat as mayor. [43], The Taste of Soul Atlanta is a four-day annual summer event that celebrates soul food and African-American culture. "Atlanta emerges as a center of black entertainment", City of Atlanta Quick Facts, US Census Bureau, https://web.archive.org/web/20111221063813/http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/reports/2003/11_livingcities_Atlanta/atlanta.pdf, "Chicago-area black population drops as residents leave for South, suburbs", https://www.ajc.com/news/atlanta-university-center-symbol-educational-excellence/rNzGax0xhF3xHMZI2ZhhJJ/, "Fire damaged Morris Brown College offices, president says", https://www.johnmarshall.edu/facultystaff/jace-c-gatewood/, https://www.law.com/dailyreportonline/2020/08/20/atlantas-john-marshall-names-gatewood-as-first-african-american-dean/, http://aas.emory.edu/home/about/history.html, http://aas.emory.edu/home/academics/index.html#:~:text=African%20American%20Studies%20at%20Emory,the%20field%20and%20the%20university, https://sasn.rutgers.edu/academics-admissions/academic-departments/african-american-african-studies/, "Study: Some black college students face hidden mental health crisis", "At Georgia State, more black students graduate each year than at any U.S. college - The Hechinger Report", https://travelnoire.com/atlanta-black-history-capital-u-s, https://www.thedailybeast.com/how-atlanta-became-the-new-cultural-capital-of-america, "National Black Arts Festival in Atlanta - Atlanta Festivals", "City of Atlanta, Mayor's Office of Cultural Affairs | Atlanta Jazz Festival", "A3C, Atlanta's longest-running hip-hop festival, aims to become the next SXSW", "One Musicfest 2019 lineup will drop June 4", https://www.atlantamagazine.com/news-culture-articles/changes-are-coming-to-peters-street-heres-whats-happening/, https://thegatheringspot.club/atlanta-attracts-wealthy-black-transplants/, https://thegatheringspot.club/atlantas-black-tech-founders-are-changing-entrepreneurship-in-america/, https://www.atlantaeats.com/blog/black-owned-brunch-spots-atlanta/, https://www.brunchnista.com/new-products/brunchnistas-guide-to-black-owned-brunch-5sz4e-pk9j9, https://atlantafi.com/black-owned-restaurants-in-atlanta/, https://www.meetup.com/Brunch-Books-and-Black-Women/, "Live Music, Food & Fun at Sweet Auburn Springfest in Atlanta", https://events.ajc.com/event/-th-annual-atlanta-hip-hop-day-festival-9skuw4xxux, https://festivalnet.com/56241/Atlanta-Georgia/Music-Festivals/Atlanta-Hip-Hop-Day-Festival, https://atlantablackstar.com/2019/08/31/black-restaurant-week-is-coming-to-atlanta-as-annual-event-continues-to-elevate-african-american-eateries/, https://events.ajc.com/event/black-restaurant-week-ww3x6uxp8a, "Atlanta 5K more than just fundraiser for HBCUs", "Black Writers Weekend – The largest gathering for black literary creatives", "HBCU Summer Fest – Scholarship and programming fundraiser by Educate ME Foundation", "Juneteenth Celebrations To Take Place Across Metro Atlanta", https://streetartmap.org/artists-street-art-murals-graffiti/, https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2018/oct/23/the-roots-of-the-us-black-art-renaissance-it-wouldnt-have-been-ok-in-any-other-city, https://www.lipstickalley.com/threads/throwback-beyonce%E2%80%99s-21st-b-day-party-at-cascade-skating-rink.2730847/, http://cascade.11alive.com/news/community-spirit/91739-atlanta-celebrities-benefit-hosea-feed-hungry-cascade-skating-rink, https://www.atlantamagazine.com/50bestthingstodo/roll-soul-cascade-skating-rink/, https://v103.radio.com/v-103s-guide-ludaday-weekend, https://rollingout.com/2018/08/31/ludacris-ludaday-weekend-brings-celebs-and-families-together-for-a-great-cause/, https://ourpastimes.com/black-comedy-clubs-in-atlanta-12282473.html, John Caramanica, "Gucci Mane, No Holds Barred ", Kim Severson, "Stars Flock to Atlanta, Reshaping a Center of Black Culture", https://www.indiewire.com/2019/10/tyler-perry-interview-atlanta-studio-1202177041/, "Our Story - Bronner Bros. International Beauty Show", https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/taliah-waajid-presents-the-22nd-annual-world-natural-hair-healthy-lifestyle-event-300820775.html, https://curlskinksculture.com/?fbclid=IwAR2dH0-yhgvfqkoeC8EHv8FbERnlGE1mTKJBYfdBASsqRTyd-pbGpmpnZ2o, https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2791278-listen-to-the-kids-how-atlanta-became-the-black-soccer-capital-of-america, https://mlsmultiplex.com/2018/04/06/atlanta-united-black-soccer-culture/, https://www.gq.com/story/atlanta-strip-club-magic-city, "The Top Cities for Readers of African American Literature", https://cassiuslife.com/66017/atlanta-black-gay-mecca/, https://newsone.com/1782305/atlanta-is-black-lgbt-capital-of-us/, "Sweet Auburn Historic District--Atlanta: A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary", "Stacey Abrams, first black woman in the nation to give the State of the Union response", National Park Service - African American experience in Atlanta, African Americans in Atlanta: Community Building in a New South City, Historically black colleges and universities, Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH), National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC), Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Black players in professional American football, History of African Americans in the Canadian Football League, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African_Americans_in_Atlanta&oldid=1003261370, African Americans in Georgia (U.S. state), Articles with dead external links from September 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, In NPU W (East Atlanta, Grant Park, Ormewood Park, Benteen Park), the black population went from 57.6% to 38.0%, and the white proportion rose from 36.5% to 54.8%. All Rights Reserved. Stars. Jackson was elected with the support of the predominantly white business community, including the chairmen of Coca-Cola, Citizens & Southern National Bank, the Trust Company of Georgia, and architect and Peachtree Center developer John Portman. Although the longtime motto of the APEX Museum is, “Where Every Month is Black History Month” — we thought the beginning of … [52], Atlanta has an abundance of black-centric street art and murals in many parts of the city. The UniverSoul Circus, the nation's only black owned and centric traveling circus, was founded and is based in Atlanta. They were hopeful that a new progressive coalition would be forged between downtown and City Hall; but they were not prepared for the level of support for the goals of the black community that the mayor provided through support for minority-based businesses. 4. [41][42], Afropunk Atlanta is a week-long fall festival that includes live music, film, fashion, and art produced by black artists. Other Historic Facts About The History of Atlanta Police: Little Known Black History Fact: Clark Atlanta University. For example, Atlanta's streetcars were officially segregated in 1910, with Blacks forced to sit at the rear. Fact #3: Allensworth is the first all-Black Californian township, founded and financed by African Americans. [47], Atlanta Cigar Week is an annual social event that attracts primarily African-American cigar enthusiasts. Du Bois, a graduate of Fisk University and Harvard, who would become one of the major civil rights activists of the first half of the 20th century. In business, Atlanta is home to the nation's largest black-owned insurance company (Atlanta Life), real-estate development firm (H.J. The black academic community is the largest of any US city's because of the presence of the Atlanta University Center (AUC), a consortium of six historically black colleges (HBCUs). [51], The Juneteenth Atlanta Parade & Music Festival is one of the largest annual Juneteenth events in the nation. The King Historic Site and APEX Museum are in the Sweet Auburn area just east of Downtown: John Wesley Dobbs called "Sweet" Auburn Avenue "the richest Negro street in the world" in the early 20th century. Filed Under: Billie Holiday, Black History, Hattie McDaniel, John Baxter Taylor, Shirley Chesham. 2021 marks the third annual Black History Month Assist Challenge that pledges to donate $250 per assist to the Prostate Cancer Foundation. It began in 1971 and has expanded since its inception. All elected mayors of Atlanta are and have been members of the Democratic Party. The area is home to many popular and vibrant black-owned brunch spots. If you cannot remember your login information, click the “Forgot Password” link to reset your password. Soon after, she married Washin… Atlanta Black Star is a narrative company. ATLANTA — Black History Month may look a little different due to the pandemic, but it's not stopping many from hosting both in-person and virtual events across the city of Atlanta. "Atlanta contest shows battered black electorate", "Race, attacks expected in Atlanta mayor runoff" (Associated Press article) in. [2][permanent dead link] In a pattern seen across the South after the Civil War, freedmen often moved from plantations to towns or cities for work. The Atlanta's John Marshall Law School is a historically white private law school that became Georgia's only predominately black law school in the mid-2010s. In between, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution told the story of black America and why it is important to tell those stories. Atlanta’s annual Black History Month Parade features historically black college drum lines that make you dance all the way from Hurt Park to Centennial Olympic Park in downtown. The event attracts over 100,000 participants and has a major economic impact on the city. Competition for jobs and housing gave rise to fears and tensions. W.E.B. However, while most black Atlantans were poor and disenfranchised by Jim Crow, the gradual nationwide rise of the black urban middle class became apparent in Atlanta, with the establishment of African American businesses, media and educational institutions. Advertise on Atlanta's CW69. In the 1850s, Mary Combs and Ransom Montgomery became the first two African-Americans to own property in Atlanta.[80]. Preview This! Erica L. Taylor, The Tom Joyner Morning Show. African slaves in the Atlanta area became divided in their loyalties to the then-current status quo as the American Civil War took place between the Confederacy, of which Georgia was a constituent member, and the Union states; the slavery regime also became harsher against both slave and free Africans, who were severely restricted in their movements by both local and state government in order to prevent desertion of the Africans to the Union side. Harvard remained on the job until 2002, then began working as the Security Director for the U.S. Transportation Security Administration. In 1839, homes and a store were built there and the settlement grew. These catalyzed in 1906 in the Atlanta Race Riot. As racial tensions rose, particularly resentment from working-class whites against better-off Blacks, segregation was introduced into more areas of public life. Purpose of Black History Month Grades: 2-6 Students discover the purpose of Black History Month as well as other historical facts, firsts, and figures about the month-long celebration with a downloadable backgrounder. The Most Successful Black Entrepreneurs Throughout History. Janelle Harris February 2, 2018 at 9:06 AM. Atlanta owes its existence to the railroads, the routes of which were determined by geography.Lying as it does at the southern extremity of the Appalachian Mountains, it became the gateway through which most overland traffic had to pass between the southern Atlantic Seaboard and regions to the west. Shirley Chisholm was the first Black woman elected to Congress and the first Black major-party presidential candidate survived three assassination attempts during her 1972 campaign.. 14. The Auburn Avenue Research Library on African American Culture and History opened in 1994 and is located in the Sweet Auburn Historic District. CW AtlantaOn Air. The Atlanta Black Pride celebration is the largest in the world for black LGBT people. Sweet Auburn would become one of the premier predominantly African American urban settlements to the current day. Not even college-educated men could vote. Everyday Heroes. This left at least 28 dead, 25 of them African American,[82] and over seventy people injured. Biking or walking beats public transportation any day. [33][34], Weekend brunch is a prominent aspect of black culture in the Atlanta area. CW Show Recaps. Enter the email address and password you used to join BlackFacts.com. [35][36][37][38], The Sweet Auburn Springfest is an annual outdoor festival held in the historically black Sweet Auburn district. Due to the election being so close, Abrams committed to running for office again. Between 1845 and 1854, rail lines arrived from four different directions, and the rapidly growing town quickly became the rail hub for the entire Southern United States. It has often been called a "black mecca". The 2010 and 2000 black population of the city of Atlanta was: He was the first black chairman of the Chatham County Savannah Metropolitan Planning Commission and was the last of the first eight black Atlanta police officers to pass away. Little Known Black History Fact: Bill Mays, 50 Cent Set to Develop New Starz Show That Spotlights Black Female Sports Agent, JN Circle president vows to fight for the marginalised, Kevin Hart to debut SiriusXM podcast with Seinfeld as guest - Black News Channel, Shiraz Glühwein ice cream, anyone? Black America Web Featured Video. They also offer online exhibitions. Du Bois, or William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, was an African American writer, teacher, sociologist and activist whose work transformed the way that the [11], Many of the nation's most accomplished African Americans matriculated through the AUC. Eatonville, Florida, the childhood home of writer and cultural anthropologist (and my all-time favorite author! Uptown Comedy Corner is one of the oldest black comedy clubs in the nation. An old-guard black elite, graduated from AUC schools and whose status dates back to the glory days of Sweet Auburn or before, guards its social circles from "new" black money—families such as Herndon, Yates, Bond, Milton, Yancey, Blayton, Rucker, Aikens, Harper, Cooper, Dobbs and Scott. [18][19], Georgia State University (GSU) is a historically white public institution that since the 2010s has been predominately black and composed of more black students than any other university in the nation. [53][54], The Cascade Skating Rink is a popular black-owned roller rink that was featured in the movie ATL (film) and is frequently patronized by black celebrities. The First Congregational Church is their church of choice.[23]. In 1865, the Atlanta City Council vowed equal protection for whites and blacks, and a school for black children, the first in the city, opened in an old church building on Armstrong Street. 28 Cool & Surprising Black History Facts for Every Day of the Month. Since the rise of the civil rights movement, African Americans have wielded an increasingly potent degree of political power, most resultant in the currently unbroken string of African American mayors of the City of Atlanta since the election of Maynard Jackson in 1973; the current mayor of Atlanta is Keisha Lance Bottoms. This small population would grow, and by 1870, the black population of Atlanta comprised 46 percent of 21,700 residents, a proportion roughly maintained to the end of the 19th century. "the city that calls itself America's ' Black Mecca'" in "Atlanta Is Less Than Festive on Eve of Another 'Freaknik'", "The Black Mecca leads the nation in numbers of African American millionaires; at the same time, it leads the nation in the percentage of its children in poverty" in, "the city that earned a national reputation as America's 'black mecca'" in, "the cornerstone upon which today's 'Black Mecca' was built" in, "And, they said, don't forget Atlanta's reputation as a black mecca" in, "Atlanta's allure as the black mecca" in, " the Southern capital regarded as the nation's black mecca" in, “Atlanta is a city that is known as the black mecca" in, "Some people call Atlanta the Black Mecca" in. [8], In 1870, William Finch and George Graham became the first African Americans to be elected to the Atlanta Board of Aldermen (now the Atlanta City Council), and no other until the election of Q.V. The neighborhood never recovered. By the turn of the century, Georgia passed legislation that completed the disenfranchisement of African Americans. [62], Atlanta is the setting for many movies and popular TV shows such as the Real Housewives of Atlanta, Tyler Perry's series, What Men Want, Atlanta, Being Mary Jane, and Star. We publish narratives intentionally and specifically to enlighten and transform the world. The conference is the nation's only entertainment award show and gathering for black creatives in publishing, film and TV enthusiasts. Note that there many infill residential units were added in the, In NPU D, stretching from West Midtown along the border of Buckhead and northwestern Atlanta, westward towards the river, the white proportion rose from 49.3% to 59.2% with the black proportion dropping from 36.5% to 23.9%. Slavery in the state of Georgia mostly constituted the main reason for early African American residency in the Atlanta area. Facts about Clark Atlanta University 3: the Atlanta College in 1870s. History was made in October 1994 when she was sworn in as Atlanta’s top cop at the age of 43. Mayors Maynard Jackson and Andrew Young were representative of the upper, not working class, and rose to national standing. 2021 marks the third annual Black History Month Assist Challenge that pledges to donate $250 per assist to the Prostate Cancer Foundation. The museum is located at 135 Auburn Avenue Northeast in Atlanta. [7], According to a 2015 analysis of census data, Metro Atlanta had the greatest numerical gain in new black residents than any metropolitan area in the U.S. (Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex was second), with more than 198,031 black residents moving there. Atlanta has long been known as a center of black wealth, higher education, political power and culture; a cradle of the Civil Rights Movement[1] and the home of Martin Luther King Jr. [50], The Atlanta Funkfest is an annual event soul and R&B concert held in the summer.