Therefore time of operation of relay. 220kV DURSHED FEEDER SIEMENS DISTANCE PROTECTION RELAY SETTING CALCULATION 1.0 Relay Data: 1.01 ANSI No. IDMT Relay High Current setting :Plug setting of Relay is 2.5 Amp and Time Delay (TMS) is 0.100 Sec, Relay Curve is selected as Normal Inverse Type; Calculation of Over Current Relay Setting: (1) Low over Current Setting: (I>) Over Load Current (In) = Feeder Load Current X Relay setting … In this situation, current coil pulls the beam more strongly than voltage coil, hence beam tilts to close the relay contacts and consequently the circuit breaker associated with this impedance relay will trip. Phase-to-Phase Line Distance Protection Testing 425 6. Benefits of Distance Protection . More specifically, the relay operates depending upon the impedance between the point of fault and the point where relay is installed. This should be 0.50 - 15.00 for U.S. curves and 0.05 - 1.00 for IEC curves. Say current setting of the relay is 150 % therefore pick up current of the relay is 1 × 150% = 1.5 A. Step-3 Now we have to calculate PSM for the specified faulty current level. Electrical4U is dedicated to the teaching and sharing of all things related to electrical and electronics engineering. In step distance schemes, zones 1 and 2 may have an independent set of distance elements or they may have a sing le set of el ements with reach settings th at … Rph is defined by the maximum amount of fault resistance in addition to line impedance for which distance zone will trip regardless of location fault. Other end of the beam is pulled downward by the magnetic force of current coil fed from current transformer connected in series with line. Toggle navigation. Full disclaimer here. As the impedance of a transmission line is directly proportional to its length, it can easily be concluded that a distance relay can only operate if fault is occurred within a predetermined distance or length of line. The number of relay elements required for complete schemes is usually quite large. Then the induction element starts rotating. Thus, the phase to phase resistive reach must be set greater than the above calculated arc resistance. In view of this, R3ph – R4ph is set 60% of minimum load impedance. Calculations : Calculation of relay operating time: In order to calculate the actual relay operating A) Time / PSM Curve B) Plug Setting C) Time Setting D) Fault Current E) Current Transformer Ratio The procedure for calculating the actual relay operating time is as follows:- A) Convert the fault current into the relay coil current by using the current transformer ratio. With reference to recommendation of Ramkrishna committee recommendation. Time distance relay. Click the appropriate Winding connections, CT connections, Phase Rotation, and Reference Winding settings. Under normal operating condition restraining torque is greater than deflecting torque. The characteristics for a phase distance function and a ground distance function that use positive sequence voltage polarization are shown in Figure 3 (1) and are drawn for a phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground fault respectively. See the picture below. Generally, the resistive reach of zone-3 is set less than 80% of minimum load impedance. The purpose of protective relays and system is to operate the correct CB so as to disconnect only the faulty Equipment/Ckt. The current setting of relay is expressed in percentage ratio of relay pick up current to the rated secondary current of CT. That means, For example, suppose, you want that, an over current relay should operate when the system current just crosses 125% of rated current. Distance Relay Settings Calculations. In the same manner, Setting for Zone-2 = (150% of 61) × CT/PT ratio. Working Principle… The greater the pull, the greater will be the travel of the disc. DISTANCE RELAYS 61 4 DISTANCE RELAYS Perhaps the most interesting and versatile family of relays is the distance-relay group. 220. This ratio is nothing but impedance. Distance Relay Setting and Apparent Impedance Calculation for 3- Phase and L-G Fault In Long Transmission Line Jayachandra S1, Vijayasanthi M2 1 Department of EEE/Y.I.T.S, Tirupati, A.P ,517507, India 2 Department of CSE/ S.V.C.E, Sri perambadur, T.N,602105 , India Abstract EHV long transmission transmits large power.it is very important to clear any fault occurred in the transmission line. Figure 2 shows an example of a radial system with current grading. There is one type of relay which functions depending upon the distance of fault in the line. But in faulty condition, the current becomes quite large whereas voltage becomes less. Calculation of Distance Protection Settings in Mutually Coupled Transmission Lines: A Comparative Analysis José de Jesús Jaramillo Serna and Jesús M. López-Lezama * Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia; jose.jaramillos@udea.edu.co (J.d.J.J.S.) Mar 20, 2018. From current setting we calculate the trick current of the relay. ABB RET670 Calculations. There is one voltage element from potential transformer and a current element fed from current transformer of the system. Zone-2 setting in Distance Relay is kept at 150 % to avoid Overlap Problem. There are mainly two types of distance relay– Definite distance relay. The relay will only operate when this voltage to current ratio becomes less than its predetermined value. These relays are known as distance relay or impedance relay. So the required setting for Zone-1 = 48.8×0.28 = 13.66 ohm. The operation of such relay depends upon the predetermined value of voltage to current ratio. Which means if the distance Relay senses Impedance less than 13.66 Ohm then it will pick-up for Zone-1. Postive sequence reactance. Impedance Relays 390 2. Line Length. 1.04 Model No. Time Stepped Distance . MiCOM P643 Calculations. 71 (R1=R2) 0.0791 /KM (X1=X2) 0.403 Resistive Reach of Distance Relay Characteristics is defined by the fault resistance for which the distance relay characteristics is defined. Again, it should not be encroached by load. Line Parameters. When any fault occurs in the feeder, under protected zone, voltage of feeder decreases and at the same time currentt increases. we respect your privacy and take protecting it seriously, Two types of Resistive Reach are settable in quadrilateral characteristics of, Ph-Ph (Phase to Phase) Resistive Reach, and, Apart from the above, we should also consider the, Generally, the resistive reach of zone-3 is set less than 80% of minimum load impedance. The following values should be used: X1SA = 0.001 W, R1SA = 0.001 W, X1SB = 1500 W, R1SB = 1500 W, Xm0 = 0W, Rm0 = 0 W. Setting of the FLOC parameters can be done on the local human-machine interface (HMI) unit under the menu: Setting / Functions / Group 1 / Line … (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs): Basics, Types & Applications, Diode: Definition, Symbol, and Types of Diodes, Thermistor: Definition, Uses & How They Work, Half Wave Rectifier Circuit Diagram & Working Principle, Lenz’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction: Definition & Formula. Hence, it is called as an Under-reaching Element. ETAP StarZ Transmission Line Protection software provides tools to examine and check the performance of distance relay settings, user logic, and communication interfaces. For example, full element testing of an SEL 311L relay could take up to 12 hours to manually test while the same test can take 4 hours by using an automated software. As clear from the picture above, if the reach of Zone-2 of a relay R1 is extended too much, then it can overlap with the Zone-2 of the relay R3. Max power flow in the line (assumed) Postive sequence resistance. function definition list, or relay-setting record. Zone I Distance is set at 80 to 90 % of the Line and not 100%. These settings may be re-evaluated during the commissioning, according to actual and measured values. CT/PT Ratio = 1000/ (400×103/110) = 1000×110/400,000 = 0.28. One approach to making a distance relay with a computer is to calculate the apparent 24! Figure below demonstrates the quadrilateral characteristics of a distance relay and load point Z (Z is the minimum load impedance). = 7SA522. Again, speed of rotation of induction element approximately proportional to current in this element. Enter your email below to receive FREE informative articles on electrical & electronics engineering is required distance ( )! 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